怎样给centos系统扩展磁盘分区的实现方法
时间:2019-12-30来源:系统城作者:电脑系统城
问题/故障/场景/需求
eve-ng的虚拟机ova的硬盘只有38G,需要增加空间,在vmware直接扩展硬盘后,重启系统,使用fdisk -l可以看到硬盘扩大了,但文件系统并没有扩大,还需要将这些新增的空间扩展分配到某个文件系统才行。下面记录了整个扩展过程
解决方法/步骤
在VM里扩大磁盘到250G重启系统后,查看当前的文件系统的情况
- root@eve-ng:~# df -h
- Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
- udev 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev
- tmpfs 1.6G 19M 1.6G 2% /run
- /dev/mapper/eve--ng--vg-root 38G 13G 23G 36% /
- tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev/shm
- tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
- tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
- /dev/sda1 472M 83M 365M 19% /boot
-
- root@eve-ng:~# fdisk -l
- ...省略部分内容
- Disk /dev/sda: 250 GiB, 268435456000 bytes, 524288000 sectors //可以看到已经有250G了
- Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disklabel type: dos
- Disk identifier: 0x3e3ca055
-
- Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
- /dev/sda1 * 2048 999423 997376 487M 83 Linux
- /dev/sda2 1001470 83884031 82882562 39.5G 5 Extended
- /dev/sda5 1001472 83884031 82882560 39.5G 8e Linux LVM
-
- Disk /dev/mapper/eve--ng--vg-root: 38.6 GiB, 41406169088 bytes, 80871424 sectors
- Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
-
- Disk /dev/mapper/eve--ng--vg-swap_1: 980 MiB, 1027604480 bytes, 2007040 sectors
- Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
-
- //下面执行分区
- root@eve-ng:~# fdisk /dev/sda
-
- Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.27.1).
- Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
- Be careful before using the write command.
-
- Command (m for help): n
- Partition type
- p primary (1 primary, 1 extended, 2 free)
- l logical (numbered from 5)
- Select (default p): p
- Partition number (3,4, default 3): 3
- First sector (999424-524287999, default 999424): 83884032 //注意,这里是之前分配的最后一块(sda5 end)加一(83884031+1)
- Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (83884032-524287999, default 524287999): //注意看这是不是最后一块
-
- Created a new partition 3 of type 'Linux' and of size 210 GiB.
-
- Command (m for help): t
- Partition number (1-3,5, default 5): 3 3
- Partition type (type L to list all types): 8e
-
- Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'.
-
- Command (m for help): w
- The partition table has been altered.
- Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
- Re-reading the partition table failed.: Device or resource busy
-
- The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8).
-
- root@eve-ng:~# reboot
-
- root@eve-ng:~# pvcreate /dev/sda3
- Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created
- root@eve-ng:~# vgdisplay
- --- Volume group ---
- VG Name eve-ng-vg
- System ID
- Format lvm2
- Metadata Areas 1
- Metadata Sequence No 3
- VG Access read/write
- VG Status resizable
- MAX LV 0
- Cur LV 2
- Open LV 2
- Max PV 0
- Cur PV 1
- Act PV 1
- VG Size 39.52 GiB
- PE Size 4.00 MiB
- Total PE 10117
- Alloc PE / Size 10117 / 39.52 GiB
- Free PE / Size 0 / 0
- VG UUID EvwUbc-nfsg-dHqA-znxB-U3gv-V782-Q8ZxkI
-
- root@eve-ng:~# vgextend eve-ng-vg /dev/sda3
- Volume group "eve-ng-vg" successfully extended
- root@eve-ng:~# vgdisplay
- --- Volume group ---
- VG Name eve-ng-vg
- System ID
- Format lvm2
- Metadata Areas 2
- Metadata Sequence No 4
- VG Access read/write
- VG Status resizable
- MAX LV 0
- Cur LV 2
- Open LV 2
- Max PV 0
- Cur PV 2
- Act PV 2
- VG Size 249.52 GiB
- PE Size 4.00 MiB
- Total PE 63877
- Alloc PE / Size 10117 / 39.52 GiB
- Free PE / Size 53760 / 210.00 GiB
- VG UUID EvwUbc-nfsg-dHqA-znxB-U3gv-V782-Q8ZxkI
-
- root@eve-ng:~# lvdisplay
- --- Logical volume ---
- LV Path /dev/eve-ng-vg/root
- LV Name root
- VG Name eve-ng-vg
- LV UUID ktUpR0-VpqS-rJJv-a1FC-u6Gd-U8yN-2WYQ53
- LV Write Access read/write
- LV Creation host, time eve-ng, 2018-03-21 02:25:21 +0200
- LV Status available
- # open 1
- LV Size 38.56 GiB
- Current LE 9872
- Segments 1
- Allocation inherit
- Read ahead sectors auto
- - currently set to 256
- Block device 253:0
-
- //扩展逻辑卷
- root@eve-ng:~# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/eve-ng-vg/root
- Size of logical volume eve-ng-vg/root changed from 38.56 GiB (9872 extents) to 248.56 GiB(63632 extents).
- Logical volume root successfully resized.
-
- root@eve-ng:~# df -h
- Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
- udev 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev
- tmpfs 1.6G 19M 1.6G 2% /run
- /dev/mapper/eve--ng--vg-root 38G 13G 23G 36% /
- tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev/shm
- tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
- tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
- /dev/sda1 472M 83M 365M 19% /boot
-
- //在线扩容,要先查看当前的文件系统的类型,可以通过cat /etc/fstab来查看
- root@eve-ng:~# resize2fs /dev/eve-ng-vg/root
- resize2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)
- Filesystem at /dev/eve-ng-vg/root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
- old_desc_blocks = 3, new_desc_blocks = 16
- The filesystem on /dev/eve-ng-vg/root is now 65159168 (4k) blocks long.
-
- root@eve-ng:~# df -h
- Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
- udev 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev
- tmpfs 1.6G 19M 1.6G 2% /run
- /dev/mapper/eve--ng--vg-root 245G 13G 222G 6% /
- tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev/shm
- tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
- tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
- /dev/sda1 472M 83M 365M 19% /boot
-
参考
在线扩容
使用 resize2fs或xfs_growfs 对挂载目录在线扩容
- resize2fs 针对文件系统ext2 ext3 ext4
- xfs_growfs 针对文件系统xfs
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